The An Assessment of the Costs and Benefits of Mining Deep‑Sea Minerals in the Pacific Island Region evaluates the potential economic, environmental, and social implications of deep-sea mineral extraction in Pacific Island countries using a cost-benefit analysis framework. The study assesses hypothetical mining scenarios involving seafloor massive sulphides, polymetallic manganese nodules, and cobalt-rich crusts in selected Pacific states. It estimates potential revenues, investment costs, and broader economic benefits while also considering environmental risks, technological challenges, and governance requirements. The analysis indicates that economic outcomes vary significantly depending on mineral type, commodity prices, and project scale. In some scenarios, mining could generate substantial national revenues, while in others costs and uncertainties may outweigh benefits. The report highlights major risks such as environmental damage, market volatility, and high capital costs, emphasizing the need for strong regulatory frameworks, environmental safeguards, and transparent resource management to ensure sustainable long-term development benefits.
